As If an Enemy"s Country: The British Occupation of Boston and the Origins of Revolution (Repost)

As If an Enemy"s Country: The British Occupation of Boston and the Origins of Revolution By Richard Archer


2010 | 305 Pages | ISBN: 0195382471 | PDF | 3 MB

In the dramatic few years when colonial Americans were galvanized to resist British rule, perhaps nothing did more to foment anti-British sentiment than the armed occupation of Boston. As If an Enemy"s Country is Richard Archer"s gripping narrative of those critical months between October 1, 1768 and the winter of 1770 when Boston was an occupied town.


Bringing colonial Boston to life, Archer deftly moves between the governor"s mansion and cobblestoned back-alleys as he traces the origins of the colonists" conflict with Britain. He reveals the maneuvering of colonial political leaders such as Governor Francis Bernard, Lieutenant Governor Thomas Hutchinson, and James Otis Jr. as they responded to London"s new policies, and he evokes the outrage many Bostonians felt towards Parliament and its local representatives.


Archer captures the popular mobilization under the leadership of John Hancock and Samuel Adams that met the oppressive imperial measures—most notably the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act—with demonstrations, Liberty Trees, violence, and non-importation agreements. When the British government decided to garrison Boston with troops, it posed a shocking challenge to the people of Massachusetts. The city was flooded with troops; almost immediately, tempers flared and violent conflicts broke out. Archer"s vivid tale culminates in the swirling tragedy of the Boston Massacre and its aftermath, including the trial and exoneration of the British troops involved.


A thrilling and original work of history, As If an Enemy"s Country tells the riveting story of what made the Boston townspeople, and with them other colonists, turn toward revolution.

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A Guide to Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome: Origins and Treatment (repost)

George A. Bray, "A Guide to Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome: Origins and Treatment"


2011 | ISBN: 1439814570 | 408 pages | PDF | 8 MB

In the historical record there is abundant evidence that obesity was a medical and health concern as long as medicine has been practiced. The idea of diet and exercise are bulwarks in the fight against obesity in history from the time of Hippocrates to the 16th century—a span of 2,000 years.




However, our scientific understanding of this problem is only a little over 200 years old. An examination of the root cause of what many consider the obesity epidemic, A Guide to Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome traces the origins and types of obesity and its treatment.




Examining in detail the developing treatment for obesity, this book provides:




A history of obesity, including treatment, proposed causes, and perceptions


An examination of the causes and problems associated with obesity


A discussion of lifestyle, diet, exercise, and treatment strategies


A detailed look at the medications and surgeries available for obesity




The fact that we have an epidemic of obesity today that is covering the globe suggests that the strategically simple ideas of eating less and exercising more, ideas that require commitment and personal involvement by the individual, have not been very successful. As we move forward in trying to understand this problem, we need to be alert to strategies and tactics that may not require individual motivation and commitment—history has shown that they do not work well. This book supplies guidance on developing and designing novel strategic interventions against obesity and metabolic disorders.

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