The Nature and Function of Intuitive Thought and Decision Making (repost)

Lauri Järvilehto, "The Nature and Function of Intuitive Thought and Decision Making"


English | 2015 | ISBN-10: 3319181750 | 86 pages | pdf | 1 MB

This book focuses on the very nature and function of intuitive thought. It presents an up-to-date scientific model on how the non-conscious and intuitive thought processes work in human beings. The model is based on mainstream theorizing on intuition, as well as qualitative meta-analysis of the empirical data available in the research literature. It combines recent work in the fields of philosophy of mind, cognitive psychology and positive psychology. While systematic research in intuition is relatively new, there is an abundance of positions advocating more or less imaginative ideas of what intuition is about, ranging from quantum mechanical phenomena to new age ideologies. Research in the past few decades, in particular by proponents of the dual processing theory of thought such as Daniel Kahneman and Jonathan Evans, offers powerful tools to address and evaluate the question of intuition without the need to resort to spiritual entities. Within the framework of the dual processing theory, backed up by findings in positive psychology, intuition turns out to be the capacity to carry out complex cognitive operations within a specific domain of operations familiar to the agent.

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Bayesian Decision Problems and Markov Chains

Bayesian Decision Problems and Markov Chains by J.J. Martin


English | Dec. 1967 | ISBN: 0471573515 | 216 Pages | DJVU | 4.79 MB

Combines Bayesian decision theory and the theory of Markov chains by establishing a theoretical structure for Markov chains in which the transition probabilities are uncertain. Both sequential sampling and fixed sample size problems are considered. The development is largely theoretical, including questions of both existence and convergence. Problems of numerical computation are treated as they arise.

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Intelligent Information Systems and Knowledge Management for Energy: Applications for Decision Support [Repost]

Intelligent Information Systems and Knowledge Management for Energy: Applications for Decision Support, Usage, and Environmental Protection by Kostas Metaxiotis


English | Aug. 25, 2009 | ISBN: 1605667374 | 351 Pages | PDF | 16.12 MB

More than ever before, energy is becoming one of the most crucial concerns in economical and industrial development. Intelligent Information Systems and Knowledge Management for Energy: Applications for Decision Support, Usage, and Environmental Protection provides in-depth analysis of the need for a holistic approach for the construction and engineering of cities and societies. This defining body of research examines key issues and approaches for energy use and provides future direction of development as well.

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Coastal Zones Ecosystem Services: From Science to Values and Decision Making (repost)

Coastal Zones Ecosystem Services: From Science to Values and Decision Making (Studies in Ecological Economics, Book 9) by R. Kerry Turner and Marije Schaafsma


English | 2015 | ISBN: 3319172131 | 240 pages | PDF | 5 MB

This book applies the ‘ecosystem services’ framework to coastal environments, showing how it could facilitate an adaptive management strategy. The contributors describe a decision support system (DSS) based on the 3 Ps – pluralism, pragmatism and precaution – that leads to a more flexible, ‘learn by doing’ approach to the stewardship of coastal environments. The book lays out a “Balance Sheets Approach” to formatting, interrogating and presenting data and findings. The opening chapter defines coastal zones, their characteristics and natural resources, and describes their complex and dynamic nature. The chapter shows that large-scale trends and pressures have led to a global loss of 50% of marshes, leading to significant declines in biodiversity and habitat. Part I presents a conceptual framework, describes natural science techniques for coastal and shelf modeling, and describes valuation of ecosystem services. Part II outlines practical ecosystem indicators for coastal and marine ecosystem services, reviews literature on valuation of coastal and marine ecosystem services, explores scenarios, outlines marine and coastal ecosystem services data and offers tools for incorporating data into decision-making. PART III offers case studies including one linking the ecosystem services of Marine Protected Areas to benefits in human wellbeing; and another on valuing blue carbon captured by oceans and coastal ecosystems. Also included are a study of managed realignments and the English coastline and their value estimate transferability; and studies of the impact of jellyfish blooms on recreation in the UK and on fisheries in Italy.

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Shame and Humiliation: Presidential Decision Making on Vietnam

Shame and Humiliation: Presidential Decision Making on Vietnam by Blema Steinberg


English | Apr. 16, 1996 | ISBN: 0773513914 | 368 Pages | PDF | 22.24 MB

Steinberg focuses on the narcissistic personality, identifying it as intensely self-involved and preoccupied with success and recognition as a substitute for parental love. She asserts that narcissistic leaders are most likely to use force when they fear being humiliated for failing to act and when they need to restore their diminished sense of self-worth. Providing case studies of Johnson, Nixon, and Eisenhower, Steinberg describes the childhood, maturation, and career of each president, documenting key personality attributes, and then discusses each one"s Vietnam policy in light of these traits. She contends that Johnson authorized the bombing of Vietnam in part because he feared the humiliation that would come from inaction, and that Nixon escalated U.S. intervention in Cambodia in part because of his low sense of self-esteem. Steinberg contrasts these two presidents with Eisenhower, who was psychologically secure and was, therefore, able to carry out a careful and thoughtful analysis of the problem he faced in Indochina. Shame and Humiliation reveals how personality traits affect our perception of reality and offers a powerful demonstration of the impact of psychodynamics on presidential decision making.

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The Classical Decision Problem

The Classical Decision Problem by Egon Börger


English | Jan. 15, 1997 | ISBN: 354057073X | 482 Pages | DJVU | 5.98 MB

This is the most comprehensive treatment available in book form of the classical decision problem of mathematical logic and of the role of the classical decision problem in modern computer science. A revealing analysis of the natural order of decidable and undecidable cases is given. The complete classification of the solvable and unsolvable standard cases of the classical decision problem will be of particular interest to the reader. The classification comes complete with the complexity analysis of the solvable cases, with the comprehensive treatment of the reduction method, and with the model-theoretical analysis of solvable cases. Many cases are treated here for the first time, and a great number of simple proofs and exercises have been included. The results and methods of the book are extensively used in logic, computer science and artificial intelligence.

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